separation of power

mjpfhu Ntwhf;ff; Nfhl;ghL(saparation of power)

mjpfhuk; vd;gJ VNjDk; xd;wpid nra;tjw;fhd jpwd; my;yJ Mw;wy;>rf;jp> ,aYik Nghd;w nrhw;fSld; Neubj; njhlu;gpidAilaJ. mNjNghy; mjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; vd;gJ mjpfhuj;jpid VNjDk; topKiwapd; mbg;gilapy; gpupj;J my;yJ gfpu;e;J toq;Ftjidf; Fwpj;J epw;fpd;wJ. ,t;tjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; ,U nghUs;fspy; tpsf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mit 1.gpuNjr uPjpahd mjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; 2.gzp uPjpahd mjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; vd;gdthFk;. gzp uPjpahd mjpfhu Ntwhf;fq;fshf

Ø murhq;fj;jpd; Kj;Jiw mjpfhuq;fs; xUtuplj;jpy; my;yJ xU FOtplj;jpy; Ftpaf; $lhJ

Ø xt;nthU JiwAk; kw;wa Jiwfs; kPJ fl;Lg;ghLfisf; nfhz;bUf;ff; $lhJ

Ø xt;nthU JiwAk; kw;wa Jiwapd; nraw;ghLfspy; nry;thf;F nrYj;jf; $lhJ

Ø xt;nthU JiwAk; kw;wa Jiwapd; nraw;ghLfspy; ,ilA+W nra;af; $lhJ

Ø xt;nthU JiwAk; mjd; nrhe;j mYty;fspy; Rje;jpukhf ,aq;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

,t;tjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; gw;wp nkhz;l];fpA+tpw;F Kd;du; gy mwpQu;fs; kiwKfkhf fUj;Jiuj;Js;sdu;.mtu;fspy;mup];Nuhl;by;> rprNuh> nghyptpaR> khu;rpNyh> [Pd;Nghbd;> N[hd;nyhf; Nghd;Nwhu; Fwpg;gplj;jf;ftu;fshtu;. ,Ue;j NghjpYk; ,f;Nfhl;ghl;bid njspthfTk; KiwahfTk; Kd;itj;j etPd fhy mwpQu; nkhz;l];fpA+Nt Mthu;.

gpuhd;rpa mwpQuhd nkhz;l];fpA+ 14k; Yhap kd;dd; fhyj;jpy; tho;e;jtu; Mthu;. ,tdJ fhyj;jpy; Kj;Jiw mjpfhuq;fSk; Yhap kd;ddplk; Ftpe;J fhzg;gl;lJ. mtuJ thu;j;ijfs; xt;nthd;Wk; rl;lkhf ,Ue;jJ> mtuJ mjpfhuk; Nfs;tpf;fplkhf;fg;gbUe;jJ> kf;fSf;F vt;tpj Rje;jpuKk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy>murhq;fk; ru;thjpfhukhf ,Ue;jJ. ,t;thwhd xU #o;epiyapNyNa 1726y; nkhz;l];fpA+ gpupj;jhdpahTf;F tp[ak; nra;jhu;.

ngupa gpupj;jhdpatpypUe;j Rje;jpuk; gw;wpa czu;T ,tuJ ftdj;ij <u;j;jJ. gpupj;jhdpa Kiwapid gpuhd;rpa KiwNahL xg;G Nehf;fpdhu;. ,jd; tpisthf cUthdNj mjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; gw;wpa mtuJ rpe;jidahFk;. ,tuJ mjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; gw;wpa rpe;jid mtuJ rl;lj;jpd; capu; (sprit of law) vd;w Ehypy; njspthf tpgupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

1.   rl;lthf;f>epiwNtw;W mjpfhuq;fs; xUtuplk; my;yJ ePjpgjpfs; FOtplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lhy; Rje;jpuk; epythJ. mjd; tpisthf ru;thjpfhuk; jiyJhf;Fk;. rl;lthf;frig nfhLq;Nfhz;ikahd rl;lq;fis ,aw;wyhk;. epiwNtw;Wj; Jiwapdu; Nkhrkhd topKiwapidg; gpd;gw;wyhk;.

2.   NkYk; ePjp mjpfhuk; rl;lthf;f>epiwNtw;W mjpfhuq;fspypUe;J gpupf;fg;glhtpbd; Rje;jpuk; epythJ. ePjp mjpfhuk; rl;lthf;f mjpfhuj;Jld; ,ize;jhy; mjd; kPJ kpFe;j fl;Lg;ghLfs; jpzpf;fg;gLk;.

3.   mjdhy; ePjpgjpfs; rl;lj;Jiwapduhf khWk; epiy Vw;gLk;. ePjp mjpfhuk; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuj;Jld; ,ize;jpUe;jhy; ePjpgjpfs; mlf;FKiwf;F cl;glyhk;. “vdNtjhd; Kj;Jiwapd; ,izthdJ miztw;wpdJk; Kbthf ,Uf;Fk;” vd tpupthd Nfhl;ghl;il nkhz;l];fpA+ Kd;itj;jhu;.

,tiuj; njhlu;e;J ,f;Nfhl;ghL NkYk; tpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,t;tgptpUj;jpf;F mnkupf;f mwpQu;fshd nkbrd;>vkpy;ld; MfpNahu; gq;fspg;G nra;jpUe;jdu;. mjhtJ mnkupf;f murpay; jpl;lj;jpd; cUthf;fj;jpw;F ,tu;fs; gq;fspg;G nra;jjpDhlhf mjpfhu Ntwhf;fk; gw;wpa rpe;jidf;F gq;fhw;wpAs;sdu;. mjhtJ mnkupf;f murpay; jpl;lj;jpy; Kjd;Kiwahf nkhz;l];fpA+tpd; Nfhl;ghl;L rpe;jid cs;thq;fg;gl;lJ.